Where do silicones come from?
Silicones are made from silicon and methyl chloride in a process known as the “direct reaction” or “direct process.” This reaction between silicon and our recycled reagents yields methyl chlorosilanes. They are distilled (purified), and the dimethyldichlorosilane is hydrolyzed to give PDMS. This product can be formulated or finished into thousands of different products, which are sold to every major industrial segment.
How are silicones used?
Silicones are highly valued materials because they have a combination of physical properties not found in other polymers. They have outstanding heat stability and can be used in applications where organic materials would melt or decompose. Many silicones seem to be impervious to the effects of aging, weather, sunlight, moisture, heat, cold, and some chemical assaults. Some silicones are used to stick, bond, or couple things together – a glue, if you please.
However, unique surface properties make silicones really different from other materials. The low surface tension of silicone fluids make them ideal for applications such as:
• Paper release agents
• Fiber lubricants
• Textile hand modifiers
• Mold release agents
• Antifouling materials
• Water repellents
In fact, silicones have been used as foam-control agents, anticaking aids, corrosion inhibitors, emulsifiers, lubricants, conditioners, and gloss enhancers – all because of their unique surface properties.
